
Bitcoin ETFs in the U.S. charge annual fees ranging from 0.15% to 1.50%, with Grayscale's GBTC being the most expensive and BlackRock's IBIT among the cheaper options. Over ten years, fees can compound to thousands of dollars, significantly affecting returns, especially if bitcoin appreciates. Tracking error adds hidden costs that can exceed stated fees, while ETFs offer tax advantages and convenience compared to self custody, which has no ongoing fees but carries risks and one-time costs. Institutional investors favor ETFs like IBIT for liquidity and brand trust, and ongoing fee competition may drive costs lower in the future.